A lot of references for items you can find when we discuss them a while back, regalstar was able to post quite a lot of it. (this is the post
http://www.shrinemaiden.org/forum/index.php/topic,15170.msg1003968.html#msg1003968)
Not all references, but also explanations as to why I chose some names
A few things from achievements that I did:
Achievement 6: Joestar's Family Secret Technique, reference to Jojo's Bizzare Adventure
Achievement 25: Century Color, with the flavor text "I wanted to write the lyrics of it, but I couldn?t, they might?ve gotten angry at me!", a reference to the opening them of Turn A Gundam
Achievement 42: What Fabre Recorded, reference to Jean-Henri Fabre, a french entomologist (since we're talking about getting infos for the bestiary)
Achievement 81: Treasure Hunter R, maybe a reference to Hunter R from Resident Evil
http://residentevil.wikia.com/Hunter_R, or Hunter R Rawling III, an american scholar
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunter_R._Rawlings_III, though both may be wrong and it doesn't mean anything.
Achievement 82: One Piece (kinda obvious)
Achievement 98-99: Close Encounters of the Third Kind, obvious reference to the movie
Achievement 103: Lost Sacred Treasure, reference to the Imperial Regalia of Japan, or Three Sacred Treasures, which are I think also referenced in the last bosses you fight, the Sword and the 2 orbs necessary to unlock the last boss area (which are Jewel of the High God and Mirror of the High God); the treasures are comprised of the sword Kusanagi (or Ame-no-Murakumo), the mirror Yata no Kagami and the jewel Yasaki no Magatama
For items:
Kanenoki Koban: Koban is an ancient japanese coin, and kanenoki is most likely a reference to the Maneki Neko/Beckoning Cat
Asura Blade: Most likely a reference to the game of the same name
Chargin' Taj: A Taj is a persian word for crown, felt it was better than targe
Funbari Ring: I couldn't find any words to replace funbari with, so I just went with it, and the only thing I could find with it is from Shaman King, Funbari Onsen.
Gekiken Rye Bread: Gekiken is an ancient japanese term for free-fencing, from where kendo originated.
Oiran's Grief: Oiran were the name of courtesan back in Edo Japan.
Psuche Splint: I was hesitating at first with "Pisuche", but I couldn't find anything with that was spelled like that, and I found that "Psuche" is from a greek term meaning soul, breath of life
http://www.biblestudytools.com/lexicons/greek/kjv/psuche.htmlOni of Chobushi's Corner: I know I did my research on that one, and it came from some kind of japanese folklore legend, but I can't find it back for the life of me.
Ghost's Eboshi: The eboshi is an headdress for shinto priest, kinda like the one Mononobe no Futo wears
Character's abilities:
Marisa Sudden Impulse: It's a pokemon ability, called Moody in the english version
Kasen Diving Waltz of the Raijuu: The Raijuu is a legendary thunder creature. It is one of her pet that you can see in the manga Wild and Horned Hermit.
http://en.touhouwiki.net/wiki/Unnamed_Raijuu#Unnamed_raijuuKasen Higekiri Cursed Arm: This may not be the best translation for it, but Higekiri is a famous japanese sword.
http://www.glopad.org/jparc/?q=en/node/22142Yuugi Vajra Spiral: A Vajra is a symbolic ritual object in Buddhism and Hidouism. It is known to be indestructible like diamond and unstoppable like the thunderbolt (kinda fits with how Yuugi is supposed to be)
Wriggle Kodoku Queen: A kodoku is poisonous magic. It was made from putting tons of insect into a jar then using the last surviving one to make a poison to inflict misfortune or death.
Byakuren Sutra Scroll - Sturm und Drang: It's an expression in german, I kinda liked it more than Storm and Stress
That's all I could find/remember for now