Uh oh, more PoDD crap incoming. Maybe a bit more technical this time.
"Either her boss is healthier than everyone else's or it becomes invincible while teleporting..." Something I said once. I've actually found the answer, oddly enough.
So, I knew that the wiki's info about shot damage being different for each character was complete garbage, and I finally decided to go in there and edit it, but didn't want to do so without being completely sure that I was right. So I went into match mode and did a ton of messing around. I'm very happy to say that I actually figured out quite a bit. I'll just copy and paste from the notes I was taking.
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Reimu Bomb + 10 shots
Mima Bomb + 11 shots
Marisa Bomb + 11 shots
Ellen Bomb + 5 shots
Kotohime Bomb + 10 shots
Kana Bomb + 6 shots
Rikako Bomb + 11 shots
Chiyuri

Yumemi Bomb + 20 shots
Marisa's Laser (with a full hit) = 18 shots (Found by lasering Yumemi after a bomb, then needing two more hits.)
Kana is killed by 2 Lasers + 13 shots = 36 + 13 = 49
So bomb power must be 43. Then boss HP is...
Reimu = 53
Mima = 54
Marisa = 54
Ellen = 48
Kotohime = 53
Kana = 49
Rikako = 54
Chiyuri = 68
Yumemi = 63
Chiyuri's health was found by bombing, lasering, and then still needing 7 shots. Contrary to what I expected, she does not avoid bomb damage by teleporting. Apparantly she actually
is healthier than everyone else.
- Exploding enemies (most likely) do not damage the boss.
- Blue fireballs have 3 health. Red ones have 4.
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Chiyuri's charge attack does 24 damage. She shoots 8 shots, so 3 damage each. (Found by using it on her own boss attack after bombing, then still needing 2 shots.) It is reassuring that it worked out to be a multiple of 8, since that's exactly what you'd expect.:derp: No, that's 23 then. I'm shit at math, apparently. So yeah, there must be a mistake somewhere along the lines.
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Ahh, poor Ellen~ Anyway, this is fascinating to me. I would have guessed that every boss had the same health, perhaps boosted by the boss level. Instead, the reality is that each character's boss attack has a specific amount of health which never changes no matter what the difficulty setting or boss level. It's strange really, and I have to wonder about ZUN's reasoning in making it that way. In some cases it makes sense. You might expect Ellen to have low health since her boss attack is insane and hard to hit, but why Kana? She's already one of the weaker characters, so why give her a wimpy boss? Then there's Chiyuri and Yumemi. Of course, you'd expect the final bosses to be healthier, to help make them a cut above the average characters, but then shouldn't Yumemi be the healthiest? Chiyuri already does a pretty damn good job of being impossible to hit in the first place. Why does she need the most health on top of that?

Ah, whatever. Probably a few discrepancies in there (getting a pair of good laser hits on Kana is a bitch), despite Chiyuri's charge attack sort of tying things together like that.