Although the penguins make for pretty obscure hints, first thing I noticed is that both penguins get marauded by the octopus. At the hospital, #2 just munches on it while #1 takes the initiative and tries to chop it up. #1 then gets tired and gets caught. Then both #1 and #2 are caught, and #3 saves them both. Hint hint, nudge nudge. Also I realized in episode 10 Himari's friends say they're bound together by fate, and therefore the subway skits they do might be directly associated with her rather than just general notes. This episode having "somebody is targeting you" is a pretty blatant support for this.
As it was leaning towards, the Penguindrum isn't exactly the diary. This seems to be the first time the Princess has faltered, so it's a pretty blatant "nope". This in itself is pretty hilarious; most of the series is focused around the diary, and if it turned out to be nothing more than a diary that Momoka just happened to write in, that would be incredible. The fact that the Princess is well again serves me to believe that the medicine is either kindred to the Princess' power (to transfer life/change fate) or the medicine affects the Princess and she in turn keeps Himari alive by taking Kanba's life. However, obviously since she wants the diary, she has some motive that is yet to be explained. When hinting that ignoring the Penguindrum would lead to the loss of who's important to them, it's neat because Himari isn't necessarily that person. Ignoring the Penguindrum might mean Kanba would die quickly, and there's a possibility that if someone else obtains it, that will lead to losing who's most important (it's probably Himari, but I'm just leaving myself open). That in particular would support the Princess wanting to foil Sanetoshi, which would also fit with "why would you save her?" when he saves Himari, since she houses the Princess and they're against each other etc. Finally the Princess once again flips a table by saying "it" is something of Kanba's, since it isn't immediately obvious what "it" could be. I for one have no clue; it might as well be Kanba's wang.
I pretty much figured Tabuki knew more than he seemed back when Ringo talked to him last. About the Tabuki-Yuri talk, I just find it a bit ironic that they're claiming they're the only ones who know the diary's true power, when the diary itself might not have necessarily ever done anything (especially since the Princess hints at the diary not being the Penguindrum). This is also the first time Yuri has ever really expressed that she doesn't like Shouma whatsoever. From the sound of it, they both seem to think that Momoka attempted to circumvent the bombings and she died using the diary. However, I can't really believe that just yet. When Sanetoshi talked about Momoka, he said she rejected him; likely because he thought he could see the optimal path for the world, but it infringed on Momoka's values. Right now though, Episode 13 is even more confusing now than it was before. Sanetoshi talking to the Princess about Momoka seems to imply that the Princess is Momoka (and thus he's challenging her), while the presence of two hats implies the Princess could be controlling both Himari and Mario. Sanetoshi now seems to have control over both Kanba and Masako, so there's the direct contrast of Sanetoshi and the Princess again. In 13 he told her to "watch" as fate unfolds to see if it can be changed. Then there's the whole child broiler thing, Momoka vanishing during the bombings, what would the purpose of the diary actually be if it doesn't contain any power, etc. We also don't know if there's a relation between Sanetoshi, Yuri and Tabuki, since they aren't shown to have been with each other despite knowing Momoka. Does Sanetoshi actually love Momoka? The Princess? Bah.
Hospital scene again, Kanba and Shouma head out to leave, octopus comes back. Hint hint. The bear-eating-fish and penguin-eating-octopus probably means something, but I can't pin it (it's probable the bear is Ringo and the penguin in Himari, though). The rest of the episode seems to be dedicated to Yuri and Tabuki attempting to take down the Takakuras, but honestly that's pretty confusing too. Initially, Tabuki said he didn't harbor a grudge. I mean, obviously having Yuri be stopped by Masako when it was pointing to her being the main threat the whole time was a nice literary feign, but it's still odd. It would be pretty great if the winner of the gunfight was Masako, and Yuri, being hit with the balls, would forget about the diary, or something.
Also, I'm now almost thinking that Tabuki is leading Ringo and Himari away from Yuri. During their talk it was exceedingly obvious that Yuri wanted to exact revenge, but Tabuki didn't. If he truly believed that the children don't deserve punishment, then he should have picked up on Yuri's hostility and may be attempting to save them, which may or may not be supported by him calling Yuri, and her not answering would give him the clue that she was about to do take action, so he intervened and found them first.
Again though that isn't necessarily true and he could totally be ready to shoot Himari in the face, but whatever.
